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Municipal
Solid Waste Management |
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Concern |
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Central
Government notified in exercise of the Powers conferred by Section
3, 6 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 with the
objective of regulating the management and handling of the Municipal
Solid Wastes, in, The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and
Handling) Rules, 2000 and further enhanced it with Hazardous
Waste Management Handling Amendment Rules, 2003.
Every municipal authority shall, within the territorial area
of the municipality, be responsible for the implementation of
the provisions of these rules, and for any infrastructure development
for collection, storage, segregation, transportation, processing
and disposal of municipal solid wastes |
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Municipal
Solid Waste (MSW) |
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Commercial
and residential wastes generated in municipal or notified areas
in either solid or semi-solid form excluding industrial hazardous
wastes but including treated bio-medical wastes, can be termed
as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). |
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Typical
Composition MSW |
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Physical
Characteristics |
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| Population
Range
(in Millions) |
No.
of cities, surveyed |
Paper |
Rubber,
Leather and Synthetics |
Glass |
Metal |
Total
Compost able matter |
inert
Material |
0.1-0.5 |
12 |
2.91 |
0.78 |
0.56 |
0.33 |
44.57 |
43.59 |
0.5-1.0 |
15 |
2.95 |
0.73 |
0.56 |
0.32 |
40.04 |
48.38 |
1.0-2.0 |
09 |
4.71 |
0.71 |
0.46 |
0.49 |
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44.73 |
2.0-5.0 |
03 |
3.18 |
%48 |
0.48 |
0.59 |
56.67 |
4&7Q |
5.0-Above |
04 |
6.43 |
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0.98 |
0.80 |
30.84 |
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All values are in percentage and are calculated on wet weight
basis.
- Source: NEERI Reports strategy paper on SWM
in India, Aug. 1995. |
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Processing |
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Almost
40% of the MSW constitutes of Biodegradable waste; which if
processed using appropriate technology would result in.. |
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Minimizing
land requirement for Secured land filling. |
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Minimize
GHG emissions to ambient atmosphere |
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Generate
revenue thus making it a Profitable venture. |
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The
waste to energy treatment options has gained attention due to
its double benefit of resource generation and pollution abatement. |
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Issues
to be addressed in the selection of treatment options include
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Quantity,
type and accessibility of biodegradable material. |
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Proven
demands for fertilizers, soil conditioners and / or energy. |
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Characteristics
of the particular plan area (eg distance to farming land,
construction activities including landscaping. |
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Current
energy price level which, based on waste fuels, will make
energy production feasible. |
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Available
sites for the establishment of treatment facilities including
adequate sanitary zones. |
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Various
options for the energy production from MSW can schematically
shown as below ; |
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